In this modern day and age, weve seen capitalism, materialism, liberalism and globalization spread across the world and impose itself on other cultures led by Western political and economic powers, specifically post-Cold War American capital.
As such, modernity with its goal of institutionalizing a number of evolving principles such as moral autonomy, human rights, civil equality, consumerism, freedom of the market and secularism, has proven to be a great challenge to various religious traditions and communities particularly Islam. In the modern secular world, religion should have no influence in the public sphere.