Iran’s Caspian Sea convention ratification debate centers on security, sovereignty and regional cooperation, with some stressing protection from outside powers while some others warn unresolved maritime boundaries, resource shares and territorial rights need to be settled first.

Iran’s renewable energy capacity has quadrupled in two years, as solar expansion, investment and domestic manufacturing push the sector beyond potential toward a growing economic force.

The closure of the Strait of Hormuz has laid bare AI firms’ dependence on Qatari helium for chipmaking, disrupting supplies to Taiwan and South Korea and exposing the fragile physical foundations underpinning today’s technology industry.

Iran is shifting from producing more agricultural commodities to capturing more value from what it already grows, with horticulture offering a promising path to stronger exports.

Iran’s auto-parts industry is expanding domestic production, as sanctions, currency pressures and disruptions reshape the country’s automotive sector.

Iran has commissioned its first domestically produced 3.5-MW magnetic-bearing turboexpander at South Pars, marking a major engineering milestone and strengthening technological self-reliance, industrial resilience, and energy security.

New trade routes, financial links, energy projects and industrial partnerships are drawing Tehran and Moscow closer, creating economic ties that could endure well beyond today’s geopolitical pressures.