The MoU involved the US lifting its naval blockade and easing restrictions on Iranian oil exports, in exchange for Iran maintaining commercial navigation through the Strait of Hormuz. However, within weeks, the US reinstated sanctions and launched military strikes, leading to renewed tensions.

The conflict has exposed the limits of Trump's improvisation and impulsive decision-making, with a prolonged war pushing the global economy towards a major recession. The US faces a strategic dilemma.

The Iranian foreign minister says the US violated the Islamabad MoU by opening an alternative route in the Strait of Hormuz.

Iran says it has received proposals from certain mediators aimed at preventing further escalation of tensions with the United States.

Iran says there is no paragraph in the Islamabad MoU that permits the US to establish an independent parallel route in the Strait of Hormuz.

A UK based journalist says that the United States clearly violated key provisions of the Islamabad MoU.

Iran's Foreign Ministry says that recent US attacks against Iran violated every element of the June 18 war-termination understanding, slamming Washington for once again betraying diplomacy.